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Office of the Fairness Commissioner

As part of its obligations under the Fair Access to the Regulated Professions and Compulsory Trades Act, 2006, S.O. 2006, c. 31, the Law Society of Ontario must file an annual Fair Registration Practices Report with the Office of the Fairness Commissioner. The report describes the profession’s progress in meeting the requirements of fair access legislation. The report’s content is specified by the Office of the Fairness Commission and is completed by the Law Society of Ontario in accordance with Fair Registration Practices Reports: Guidelines for Ontario’s Regulatory Bodies.

The report that is set out below is the Law Society of Ontario’s 2022 Fair Registration Practices report that was filed with the Office of the Fairness Commissioner on August 2, 2023.

2022 Fair Registration Practices Report

The Fair Registration Practices Report was created as required in the:

Fair Access to Regulated Professions and Compulsory Trades Act, 2006 (FARPACTA) s. 20 and 23(1), for the regulated professions named in Schedule 1 of FARPACTA
Health Professions Procedural Code set out in Schedule 2 of the Regulated Health Professions Act, 1991 (RHPA) s. 22.7(1) and 22.9(1), for health colleges

The aim of the FRP is:

To collect data and information on individual regulators;
To understand how a regulator has implemented fair registration practices during the reporting period; and,
To help oversee compliance

Overseeing compliance requires, among other things, the following series of functions and activities:

Monitoring
Assessing
Mitigating and/or enforcing
Educating and promoting
Reporting on progress

Please note that future FRP Reports will likely change, in format and content, as we migrate to a more permanent portal and database solution, and as the FARPACTA changes re: registration timelines and other amendments are finalized.

The first half of the FRP is intended to collect qualitative information to highlight a regulator’s enhancements to improve fair registration practices year over year.

The second half is to collect quantitative data for the purpose of discerning statistical changes and trends related to a regulator’s membership, application volumes, licensure/certification results, and appeals year over year.

Qualitative Information

1. Please indicate which regulator you are and your main point of contact should we require follow up.

Law Society of Ontario
130 Queen Street West, Toronto, Ontario, M5H 2N6
Email: licensingprocess@lso.ca
Telephone: 416-947-3315 Toll Free: 1-800-668-7380, extension 3315

Section 1

During the reporting period (January 1st–December 31st, 2022), please indicate if your organization has introduced any changes in the following areas impacting your registration processes by clicking on each of the appropriate boxes below.

2. Registration requirements either through regulation, by-law or policy.
In 2022, the Law Society pivoted from online licensing examinations back to in-person delivery. This shift was required to ensure the integrity and security of the examinations.

3. Assessment of qualifications

The Law Society did not introduce any changes to the assessment of qualifications.

4. Timelines for registration, decisions and/or responses

The timelines for registration, decisions, and responses did not change in 2022.

5. Registration and assessment fees

The Law Society reduced its study material and licensing examination fees for candidates entering licensing cycle 2022-2023. Fees were reduced to pass on savings to candidates resulting from the Law Society’s transitions (1) from print to digital study materials; and (2) from in-person to online licensing examinations.

In 2022, following the unexpected transition from online back to in-person examinations, the Law Society implemented a special Repayable Allowance Program. This program allowed all lawyer candidates to request a small loan to cover the cost of travel to and lodging near an exam site. This was applicable to all 2022 in-person sittings.

In October 2022, the Law Society approved an increase to licensing examination fees for the 2023-2024 licensing cycle, which was attributable to the return to in-person examination delivery. The pivot to in-person delivery resulted in approximately $3.8 million in unbudgeted costs for the Law Society in 2022.

6. Resources for applicants

When the Law Society transitioned from online licensing examinations back to in-person delivery, it revised its Rules and Protocol and its Guide to Licensing Examinations; sent candidates information through their online accounts; and hosted webcasts for candidates to provide them with information on the licensing process, study materials, and licensing examinations.

7. Changes to internal review or appeal process

The Law Society did not make changes to the internal review or appeal process in 2022.

8. Access by applicants to their records

There were no changes in 2022 that impacted an applicant's access to their records.

9. Mutual recognition agreements

There were no changes to mutual recognition agreements in 2022.

10. Training and resources for staff regarding registration

The Law Society did not make changes to training and resources for staff regarding registration in 2022.

11. Relationship with third party service provider(s)

In 2022, the Law Society engaged the services of test security experts to conduct forensic analysis of licensing examination results.

12. Accreditation of educational programs

The Law Society did not make changes to accreditation of educational programs in 2022.

13. Technological or digital improvements

In 2022, the Law Society released its study materials exclusively in digital form.

14. Anti-racism and inclusion-based policies and practices

In 2022, the Law Society developed study materials in support of the Law Society’s implementation of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission’s Call to Action 27. The Law Society assesses candidates on competencies related to these study materials.

15. Organizational structure

The Law Society did not make changes to its organizational structure in 2022.

16. Contingency or continuity of operations plans

The Law Society did not make changes to its contingency or continuity of operations plans in 2022.

17. Documentation requirements for registration

There were no changes to the documentation requirements for registration in 2022.

18. English / French language proficiency testing

The Law Society does not conduct English/French language proficiency testing.

Section 2

19. If applicable, please list your organization’s top three accomplishments during the reporting period that relate to fair registration practices.

Transitioning from online examinations back to in-person delivery to maintain the integrity and security of the licensing examinations.
Extending the minimum 8-month articling requirement to any placement commenced between May 1, 2020, and April 30, 2025.
Approving the implementation of mandatory minimum compensation to ensure fair remuneration and working conditions for licensing candidates completing articling or Law Practice Program placements.

Section 3

20. If applicable, please list the top three risks that impacted your organization’s ability to achieve better registration outcomes for applicants during the reporting period. Please also indicate the measures you have taken to mitigate the impacts of these risks.

1. Maintaining examination security in an online delivery model.

Following the receipt of information that there had been cheating on the Law Society’s November 2021 barrister and solicitor online licensing examinations, the Law Society investigated the allegations. The investigation uncovered strong support for the conclusion that candidates had engaged in prohibited actions regarding the Law Society’s November 2021 examinations. The Law Society made appropriate administrative decisions in respect of the candidates involved based on the available evidence.

As noted above, to protect the integrity and security of the licensing examinations, in 2022, the Law Society returned to in-person delivery of the licensing examinations. In-person delivery remains the most secure method of administration at the current time.

2. Increasing number of candidates seeking accommodation for licensing examinations.

In 2022, the Law Society observed a 33% increase in lawyer candidate requests for accommodation for writing the licensing examinations. The Law Society has a strong public interest in promoting equality and complies with its duty to accommodate candidates pursuant to the Human Rights Code, R.S.O. 1990, c. H.19. Effectively delivering accommodations is resource intensive and must occur in a cost-recovery environment.

3. Rising costs associated with the provision of services associated with licensing processes.

The Law Society of Ontario is a not-for-profit regulator. Licensing process fees are set under a cost-recovery model. While candidates saw decreases in licensing fees in 2021 as a result in savings from digital study materials and online licensing examination delivery, as noted above, the Law Society approved increases to licensing examination fees in 2022 for the 2023-2024 licensing cycle. These fee increases were necessary due to the increased costs of in-person examination delivery.

Inflation and the investment needed to safeguard the integrity and security of the Law Society’s licensing processes, to meet candidate accommodation needs, and to maintain or enhance licensing programs and systems, challenge the Law Society’s ability to maintain licensing fees without further increases.

Section 4

21. Do you believe that you have a Canadian Experience Requirement (CER)?

CER: work experience or experiential training obtained in Canada.

The Law Society has not had a Canadian experience requirement for over a decade. Applicants must satisfy experiential training competencies that are critical to the legal professions practising in Ontario and Canada.

An applicant may choose from two experiential training paths: the Articling Program or the Law Practice Program (LPP). Both pathways are based on supporting the fulfillment of the experiential training competencies for candidates established by the Law Society.

Applicants who have completed the Integrated Practice Curriculum as part of their J.D./LL.B. have satisfied the experiential training component of the licensing process and are not required to complete the Articling Program or the LPP. Applicants who have been called to the bar in another common law jurisdiction and have practised law for at least eight months in that jurisdiction may be eligible for an exemption from the experiential training component. Abridgements of the experiential training requirement are also available based on prior legal experience.

Quantitative Section

The following quantitative information is collected for the purpose of discerning statistical changes and trends related to a regulator’s membership, application volumes, licensure/certification results, and appeals year over year.

22. Indicate the languages in which you make available application materials and information about the application process.

English and French.

Membership Data

Demographics Data

23. As of December 31, 2022, please indicate the number of members in each gender category identified below and the number of total members.
Total Male: 33,912
Total Female: 28,242
Total Non-binary: 1
Gender not provided: 0
Overall Total: 62,155

Note: These statistics include 3,170 lawyers whose licences are suspended and 1,408 lawyers whose licences are in abeyance.

In relation to your members:

24. Do you collect race-based data?

Yes.

25. Do you collect other identity-based or demographics data?

Yes.

26. Do you plan to collect race-based data in the future?

The Law Society intends to continue to collect race-based data using a voluntary, self-identification approach.

Class of License/Certificate Data

27. As of December 31, of the reporting year, please indicate the number of members under each class or licence category as applicable.

Full/Independent Practice
Class L1 licence: 62,155
Class L2 licence: 0
Class L3 licence: Not applicable. In 2021, the Law Society stopped issuing class L3 licences. Lawyers who held a class L3 licence who wished to remain licensed were transitioned to a class L1 licence in 2021.
Provisional/Limited License/Certificate: Not applicable
Emergency License/Certificate: Not applicable
All other classes: Not applicable
Overall Total: 62,155
Note: These statistics include 3,170 lawyers whose licences are suspended and 1,408 lawyers whose licences are in abeyance.

Jurisdiction where members were initially trained

28. As of December 31, of the reporting year, please indicate the membership type and total number of registered members for each category listed below.

Ontario:  46,040
Other Canadian Provinces and Territories: 8,712
USA:  Included in Other Countries
Other Countries:   7,159
Multiple and/or Unspecified Jurisdiction:  244
Total: 62,155
Note: These statistics include 3,170 lawyers whose licences are suspended and 1,408 lawyers whose licences are in abeyance.

29. Please indicate the total number of registered members for the top 12 international countries or jurisdictions where these individuals obtained their initial education in the profession or trade.

Our membership database does not store the country where individuals obtained their initial education, only whether it is within Canada, outside of Canada, or none. Of the total 62,155 registered members, 54,752 have initial education within Canada, 7,159 have initial education outside of Canada, and 238 have no education on file. Licensing and Accreditation started collecting the initial education country in November 2005. Of the 7,159 registered members who have initial education outside of Canada, there are 6,869 members for which we have initial education country information.

The top 12 International Countries or Jurisdictions where individuals obtained their initial education in the profession or trade (for the 6,869 members only) are as follows:

1.	Great Britain	2,678
2.	US	1,156
3.	India	833
4.	Australia	755
5.	Nigeria	319
6.	Pakistan	133
7.	China	85
8.	Ireland	67
9.	Philippines	55
10.	Sri Lanka	50
11.	South Africa	47
12.	Jamaica	42

Applications Data

Demographics Data

30. Indicate the number of applicants who filed an application between January 1 and December 31 of the reporting year, in each applicable category.

Total Male: 1,168
Total Female: 1,618
Total Non-binary: 18
Gender not provided: Not applicable
Overall Total: 2,804

In relation to the applications, you received:
31. Do you collect race-based data?

Yes.

32. Do you collect other identity-based or demographics data?
Yes.
Our application requests the following types of identity-based or demographic data:
A. Indigenous
        i. First Nations, Status Indian, Non-Status Indian
        ii. Inuk (Inuit)
        iii. Métis
        iv. Other
B. Francophone
C. Gay/Lesbian/Bisexual/Transgender/Transsexual
D. Person with a disability
E. Racialized Community
       i. Arab
       ii. Black (e.g. African-Canadian, African, Caribbean)
       iii. Chinese
       iv. East-Asian (e.g. Japanese, Korean)
       v. Latin American
       vi. South Asian (e.g. Indo-Canadian, Indian Subcontinent)
       vii. South-East Asian (e.g. Vietnamese, Cambodian, Thai, Filipino)
       viii. West Asian (e.g. Iranian, Afghan)
        ix. White
        x. Other
F. Religion or Creed
       i. Atheist
       ii. Buddhist
       iii. Roman Catholic
       iv. Other Christian, such as Eastern Orthodox or Ukrainian Catholic
       v. Hindu
       vi. Jewish
       vii. Muslim
       viii. Protestant
       ix. Sikh
       x. No Religion
       xi. Other

Category of Applicants

33. Number of applicants who voluntarily or involuntarily (through inactive and lapsed applications) withdrew from the application process between January 1 and December 31, 2022:

248

34. Please indicate the total number of applicants from Ontario who filed an application between January 1 and December 31, 2022 for the following categories as applicable.

Number of Applicants: 1,550
Number of Applicants Licensed/Certified: 1,413
Average Time to Process Application in Weeks from First Point of Applicant Contact:

This information is not collected. Candidates can apply online at any time. The application will not be processed until a hard copy of the application is received along with supporting documents. The time between online application and processing by Licensing Process staff is fully dependent on the candidate and how long they take to submit the hard copy (certified) application.

Average Time to Process Application in Weeks from Receipt of all Required Documents: 9 days (1.3 weeks)

Note: Whether a candidate is an LL.B./J.D. applicant in Ontario, Canada, or NCA has no impact on timing of processing applications. Applications are processed in the order in which they are received. Some applications may take longer to process if they are incomplete and require follow up with the candidate to provide missing or corrected information/documentation.

35. Please indicate the total number of applicants from Canadian provinces and territories (excluding Ontario) who filed an application between January 1 and December 31, 2022 for each of the following categories as applicable.

Number of applicants: 200
Number of applicants fully licensed/certified: 328
Average Time to Process Application in Weeks from First Point of Applicant Contact:

Average Time to Process Application in Weeks from Receipt of all Required Documents: 9 days (1.3 weeks)

36. Please indicate the total number of certificate-to-certificate (labour mobility) applicants who filed an application between January 1 and December 31, 2022 for each of the categories as applicable.

Number of applicants: 222
Number of applicants fully licensed/certified: 205 mobility applicants were licensed with a class L1 licence in 2022.
Average Time to Process Application in Weeks from First Point of Applicant Contact:

On average, a period of approximately 32 business days (6.4 weeks) passed between initial receipt of a mobility licensing application and completion of the processing. This time relates to the processing of the application, not the issuance of the licence, and does not account for time where the Law Society is waiting on receipt of all or any additional required documents or information from the applicant or other stakeholders. The initial processing is done in Compliance Services, and once approved the application is transferred to Licensing and Accreditation for further steps including signing the oath and call petition, and then the call to the bar.

Average Time to Process Application in Weeks from Receipt of all Required Documents:

The Law Society does not currently track this information in relation to mobility licensing applications. The Law Society does track some data for the purpose of processing mobility applications, but not to the specificity of this statistic.

The Law Society currently advises mobility applicants that it can take up to 35 days from the receipt of all documents for an initial review to be conducted. Once this review is conducted, and it has been determined that the applicant meets all of the required criteria (e.g., a certificate of standing, disclosure of criminal/disciplinary records), the Law Society sends the required reading materials to the applicant, to ensure they are familiar with the practice of law in Ontario. Once the applicant has attested that they have reviewed the documents, the application will be sent to Licensing and Accreditation, where the applicant will be licensed at the next available administrative call date, unless the applicant has indicated otherwise.

37. Please indicate the total number of applicants from international jurisdictions (not including USA) who filed an application between January 1 and December 31, 2022 for each of the categories as applicable.

Number of applicants: 1,005
Number of applicants fully licensed/certified: 740
Average Time to Process Application in Weeks from First Point of Applicant Contact:

Average Time to Process Application in Weeks from Receipt of all Required Documents:
7 days (1 week)

38. Please indicate the total number of applicants from multiple and/or jurisdictions not specified who filed an application between January 1 and December 31, 2022 for each of the categories as applicable.

Note: These numbers reflect US candidates only.
Number of applicants: 49
Number of applicants fully licensed/certified: 66
Average Time to Process Application in Weeks from First Point of Applicant Contact:

Average Time to Process Application in Weeks from Receipt of all Required Documents:
6 days (0.9 week)

39. Please indicate the total number of applicants from accredited Canadian post-secondary institutions who filed an application between January 1 and December 31, 2022 for each of the categories as applicable.

Number of applicants: 1,750
Number of applicants fully licensed/certified: 1,741
Average Time to Process Application in Weeks from First Point of Applicant Contact:

Average Time to Process Application in Weeks from Receipt of all Required Documents:
9 days (1.3 weeks)

40. Please indicate the total number of applicants who re-registered after withdrawing from the application process between January 1 and December 31, 2022 for each of the categories as applicable.

Number of applicants: 93

Number of applicants fully licensed/certified:

Not applicable

Average Time to Process Application in Weeks from First Point of Applicant Contact:

Not applicable

Average Time to Process Application in Weeks from Receipt of all Required Documents:

Not applicable

41. Please provide any additional comments you may have for questions 33-40.

No additional comments.

Jurisdiction where applicants obtained their initial education

42. Please indicate the total number of applicants for the top 12 international countries or jurisdiction where applicants obtained their initial education in the profession or trade.

1.	United Kingdom	379
2.	India	261
3.	Nigeria	115
4.	United States	49
5.	Australia	43
6.	Brazil	33
7.	China	27
8.	Hong Kong	20
9.	Iran	15
10.	Pakistan	15
11.	Philippines	10
12.	Turkey	7

Processing Time

43. As of December 31, 2022, how many full licenses/certificates did your organization issue?

2,547

44. Please indicate the total number of applicants who received full licensure/certification between January 1 and December 31, 2022, according to the following timelines.

Note: Candidates apply generally 8-9 months in advance of commencing the licensing process.

0 – less than 3 months: 205
3 months – less than 6 months: 0
6 months – less than 12 months: 118
12 months – less than 18 months: 471
18 months – less than 24 months: 1,341
24 months and greater: 412

Age of Active Applications

45. As of December 31, 2022 what were the total number of active applications in your case inventory?
6,044
Note: In accordance with the Law Society's Licensing Process Policies, candidates have three years to successfully complete all requirements necessary for licensure.

46. Please provide a breakdown (and total) of active applications according to the length of time (age) that they have been open.

Note: Candidates apply generally 8-9 months in advance of commencing the licensing process.

0 – less than 3 months: 1,959
3 months – less than 6 months: 197
6 months – less than 12 months: 502
12 months – less than 18 months: 2,084
18 months – less than 24 months: 242
24 months and greater: 1,060
Total: 6,044

Other Licenses/Certificates of Registration Processed

47. Please indicate the number of applicants who were issued an alternative class of license* that your organization processed in the reporting year (January 1-December 31, 2022).

Enter the data by the jurisdiction where applicants were initially trained in the profession, i.e. before they were granted use of the protected title or professional designation in Ontario.

* An alternative class of license/certificate enables the holder to practice with limitations, but additional requirements must be met for the member to be fully licensed/certified.

Ontario: Not applicable

Other Canadian Provinces and Territories: Not applicable

Certificate to Certificate (Labour Mobility): Not applicable

USA: 322 Foreign Legal Consultants with a permit to provide legal advice in Ontario about the law of a jurisdiction in the USA.

Other International: 37 Foreign Legal Consultants with a permit to provide legal advice in Ontario about the law of a jurisdiction outside of Canada and the USA.

Multiple and/or Unspecified Jurisdictions: 4 Foreign Legal Consultants with a permit to provide legal advice in Ontario about the law of multiple jurisdictions outside of Canada.

Total: 363 active Foreign Legal Consultants as of January 2, 2023.

Note: By-Law 14 requires lawyers licensed outside of Canada to apply for and obtain a Foreign Legal Consultant permit to give legal advice in Ontario about the law of a non-Canadian foreign jurisdiction.

Other Licenses/Certificates of Registration Processed

48. Please indicate the number of applications, if applicable, who were issued an emergency license/certificate that your organization processed in the reporting year (January 1-December 31, 2022). Enter the data by the jurisdiction where applicants were initially trained in the profession, i.e. before they were granted use of the protected title or professional designation in Ontario.

Ontario: Not applicable

Other Canadian Provinces and Territories: 161 requests were received in 2022 for a Temporary Practice Permit under the National Mobility Agreement (NMA). Lawyers licensed in a Canadian province who do not meet the requirements of Part VII of By-Law 4 to practise law in Ontario without permission, or lawyers who anticipate their temporary practice in Ontario will be more than the 100 days permitted, may apply for a Temporary Practice Permit. Some of these lawyers may include mobility applicants who are applying for permanent transfer under the NMA and intend to work in Ontario before they are licensed. They can obtain a permit and start working while their licensing application is processed.

2 requests were received in 2022 for an Occasional Practice Permit. An Occasional Practice Permit allows lawyers to practise law in Ontario on not more than 10 matters annually. Lawyers licensed in the Northwest Territories, Yukon or Nunavut, or Quebec lawyers who qualified for membership in the Barreau du Québec under the Entente entre le Québec et la France en matière de reconnaissance mutuelle des qualifications professionnelles may apply.

Certificate to Certificate (Labour Mobility): Not applicable. Already included in the statistics above.

USA: Not applicable. Temporary Practice Permits and Occasional Practice Permits only apply to lawyers licensed in Canadian jurisdictions.

Other International: Not applicable. Temporary Practice Permits and Occasional Practice Permits only apply to lawyers licensed in Canadian jurisdictions.

Multiple and/or Unspecified Jurisdictions: Not applicable. Temporary Practice Permits and Occasional Practice Permits only apply to lawyers licensed in Canadian jurisdictions.

Total: 163 requests were received in 2022 for a Temporary Practice Permit or Occasional Practice Permit.

Other Licenses/Certificates of Registration Processed

49. Please indicate the number of Provisional license/certificate or alternative class of license/certificate holders who were fully licensed/certified by your organization which were processed in the reporting year (January 1-December 31, 2022). Enter the data by the jurisdiction where applicants were initially trained in the profession, i.e., before they were granted use of the protected title or professional designation in Ontario.
Not applicable

Number of Reviews and Appeals Processed

50. State the number of reviews and appeals that your organization processed in the reporting year (January 1-December 31, 2022). For applicants who were subject to an internal review or who were referred to a statutory committee of your governing council, such as a Registration Committee. Enter the data by the jurisdiction where applicants were initially trained in the profession, i.e. before they were granted use of the protected title or professional designation in Ontario.

Ontario: 126
Other Canadian Provinces: 19
USA: 9
Other Countries: 61
Multiple and/or Unspecified Countries: Not Applicable
Total: 215

Note: These metrics reflect the number of lawyer applicants referred for good character review. Most of the matters that are reviewed for good character are resolved administratively and without the need to refer the matter to the Law Society Tribunal (Hearing Division) for final disposition under the Law Society Act, R.S.O. 1990, c. L.8.

51. State the number of reviews and appeals that your organization processed in the reporting year (January 1-December 31, 2022). For applicants who initiated an appeal of a registration decision. Enter the data by the jurisdiction where applicants were initially trained in the profession, i.e. before they were granted use of the protected title or professional designation in Ontario.

Not applicable.

52. State the number of reviews and appeals heard in the reporting year (January 1-December 31, 2022). Enter the data by the jurisdiction where applicants were initially trained in the profession, i.e. before they were granted use of the protected title or professional designation in Ontario.

Ontario: 6
Other Canadian Provinces: 0
USA: 0
Other Countries: 3
Multiple and/or Unspecified Countries: 0
Total: 9

Note: This metric addresses the number of good character matters involving lawyer candidates that were heard and concluded by the Law Society Tribunal during the reporting period. This metric does not include matters that were referred for hearing during the reporting period, but not heard and concluded by the Law Society Tribunal.

53. State the number of registration decisions changed following an appeal and/or review that your organization processed in the reporting year (January 1-December 31, 2022). Enter the data by the jurisdiction where applicants were initially trained in the profession, i.e., before they were granted use of the protected title or professional designation in Ontario.

Total: 0

Note: Pursuant to the Law Society Act, R.S.O. 1990, c. L.8. an application for a licence may be refused only after a hearing by the Law Society Tribunal (Hearing Division). There were no matters appealed from the Law Society Tribunal to the Tribunal’s Appeal Division or to Divisional Court for judicial review that resulted in a change to a registration decision to a matter that was disposed of by a hearing conducted by the Law Society Tribunal (Hearing Division).

54. List the top three reason for appeals (by percentage) of a registration decision.

Not applicable.

55. List the top five reasons (by percentage) for not Issuing a License/Certification to Internationally Trained Individuals.

Examination misconduct resulting in voided registration in licensing process.
Candidate request for withdrawal from the licensing process.
Not successfully completing licensing examinations and/or experiential training program within the term prescribed by bylaw.
Not passing examinations within number of attempts prescribed by bylaw.
Not taking any further steps in the licensing process after submitting application.

56. List the top Five Reasons (by percentage) for not Issuing a License/Certification to Canadian Graduates.

Not successfully completing licensing examinations and/or experiential training program within the term prescribed by bylaw.
Candidate request for withdrawal from the licensing process.
Did not pass examinations within number of attempts prescribed by bylaw.
Did not complete educational prerequisite (LL.B./J.D.).
Found not to be of good character.

57. Please provide any additional comments you may have:
None.

Terms or Concepts Explained